MySQL optimize help

[SamiBH]

Hello everybody I need help to optimize MySQL

VPS

Shared Dual Quad Core CPU / 50 GB HDD / 500 GB Bandwidth / 256 MB Memory (1024 MB Burstable)

my.cnf only have 3 lines

[mysqld]
set-variable = max_connections=500
log-slow-queries
safe-show-database

-------- General Statistics --------------------------------------------------
[--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script
[OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.0.91-community-log
[OK] Operating on 32-bit architecture with less than 2GB RAM

-------- Storage Engine Statistics -------------------------------------------
[--] Status: +Archive -BDB -Federated +InnoDB -ISAM -NDBCluster
[--] Data in MyISAM tables: 665M (Tables: 185)
[!!] InnoDB is enabled but isn't being used
[!!] Total fragmented tables: 7

-------- Performance Metrics -------------------------------------------------
[--] Up for: 25m 35s (130K q [84.793 qps], 3K conn, TX: 96M, RX: 15M)
[--] Reads / Writes: 87% / 13%
[--] Total buffers: 34.0M global + 2.7M per thread (500 max threads)
[!!] Maximum possible memory usage: 1.3G (134% of installed RAM)
[OK] Slow queries: 0% (0/130K)
[OK] Highest usage of available connections: 4% (20/500)
[OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 8.0M/51.0M
[OK] Key buffer hit rate: 100.0% (137M cached / 4K reads)
[!!] Query cache is disabled
[OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (1 temp sorts / 11K sorts)
[!!] Joins performed without indexes: 157
[!!] Temporary tables created on disk: 29% (479 on disk / 1K total)
[!!] Thread cache is disabled
[OK] Table cache hit rate: 20% (64 open / 311 opened)
[OK] Open file limit used: 4% (104/2K)
[OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (160K immediate / 161K locks)

-------- Recommendations -----------------------------------------------------
General recommendations:
    Add skip-innodb to MySQL configuration to disable InnoDB
    Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance
    MySQL started within last 24 hours - recommendations may be inaccurate
    Reduce your overall MySQL memory footprint for system stability
    Adjust your join queries to always utilize indexes
    When making adjustments, make tmp_table_size/max_heap_table_size equal
    Reduce your SELECT DISTINCT queries without LIMIT clauses
    Set thread_cache_size to 4 as a starting value
Variables to adjust:
  *** MySQL's maximum memory usage is dangerously high ***
  *** Add RAM before increasing MySQL buffer variables ***
    query_cache_size (>= 8M)
    join_buffer_size (> 128.0K, or always use indexes with joins)
    tmp_table_size (> 32M)
    max_heap_table_size (> 16M)
    thread_cache_size (start at 4)

thank you to everyone who can help

[GaryT]

Seems your mysql is default so what we do is start building it bit by bit:

Edit your my.cnf and make it show:

[mysqld]
set-variable = max_connections=200
query_cache_type=1
query_cache_size=8M
query_cache_limit=1M
sort_buffer_size=2M
read_rnd_buffer_size=512K
tmp_table_size=32M
max_heap_table_size=32M
thread_cache_size=24
key_buffer_size=16M
table_cache=80
join_buffer_size=1M
log-slow-queries=/var/lib/mysql/slow.log

save this and restart mysql:

/etc/init.d/mysql restart

You should leave it for 24 hours before running mysql tuner again, When you do post the output of your tuner so we can build further.

[SamiBH]

thank you

I Edited my.cnf , and will post mysql tuner after 24 hours

thank you again

[SamiBH]

here is it after 24 hours

-------- General Statistics --------------------------------------------------
[--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script
[OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.0.91-community-log
[OK] Operating on 32-bit architecture with less than 2GB RAM

-------- Storage Engine Statistics -------------------------------------------
[--] Status: +Archive -BDB -Federated +InnoDB -ISAM -NDBCluster
[--] Data in MyISAM tables: 665M (Tables: 185)
[!!] InnoDB is enabled but isn't being used
[!!] Total fragmented tables: 9

-------- Performance Metrics -------------------------------------------------
[--] Up for: 1d 3h 6m 12s (8M q [86.629 qps], 237K conn, TX: 2B, RX: 1B)
[--] Reads / Writes: 53% / 47%
[--] Total buffers: 66.0M global + 3.8M per thread (200 max threads)
[OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 828.5M (80% of installed RAM)
[OK] Slow queries: 0% (0/8M)
[OK] Highest usage of available connections: 12% (24/200)
[OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 16.0M/51.5M
[OK] Key buffer hit rate: 100.0% (4B cached / 52K reads)
[OK] Query cache efficiency: 85.1% (5M cached / 6M selects)
[!!] Query cache prunes per day: 5477
[OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (172 temp sorts / 61K sorts)
[OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 5% (1K on disk / 32K total)
[OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (24 created / 237K connections)
[!!] Table cache hit rate: 3% (79 open / 2K opened)
[OK] Open file limit used: 12% (131/1K)
[OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (2M immediate / 2M locks)

-------- Recommendations -----------------------------------------------------
General recommendations:
Add skip-innodb to MySQL configuration to disable InnoDB
Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance
Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits
Variables to adjust:
query_cache_size (> 8M)
table_cache (> 80)

thank you

[GaryT]

Edit your my.cnf and use these settings as suggested:

[mysqld]
set-variable = max_connections=200
query_cache_type=1
query_cache_size=32M
query_cache_limit=1M
sort_buffer_size=2M
read_rnd_buffer_size=512K
tmp_table_size=32M
max_heap_table_size=32M
thread_cache_size=24
key_buffer_size=16M
table_cache=128
join_buffer_size=1M
log-slow-queries=/var/lib/mysql/slow.log

Then restart mysql.

/etc/init.d/mysql restart

[SamiBH]

done.

thank you

what about

"Add skip-innodb to MySQL configuration to disable InnoDB
Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance"

also

"log-slow-queries=/var/lib/mysql/slow.log" what counts as slow query (5 seconds?) .can I change it to 2 seconds?

[GaryT]

"Add skip-innodb to MySQL configuration to disable InnoDB

in your my.cnf just add the line:

skip-innodb

Also

Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance"

Just run this command:

mysqlcheck -u root -p --auto-repair --check --optimize --all-databases

Make sure you have your mysql root password to hand as soon as you press enter to run this is will require the password.

You can change the log to that yes but default is 5, All up to you

[SamiBH]

thank you so much

I'm still having problem with Table cache hit rate

-------- Performance Metrics -------------------------------------------------
[--] Up for: 11h 46m 36s (3M q [81.006 qps], 109K conn, TX: 2B, RX: 425M)
[--] Reads / Writes: 52% / 48%
[--] Total buffers: 90.0M global + 3.8M per thread (200 max threads)
[OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 852.5M (83% of installed RAM)
[OK] Slow queries: 0% (1/3M)
[OK] Highest usage of available connections: 17% (34/200)
[OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 16.0M/51.7M
[OK] Key buffer hit rate: 100.0% (2B cached / 55K reads)
[OK] Query cache efficiency: 83.6% (2M cached / 2M selects)
[OK] Query cache prunes per day: 0
[OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (7 temp sorts / 32K sorts)
[OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 5% (912 on disk / 17K total)
[OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (45 created / 109K connections)
[!!] Table cache hit rate: 1% (128 open / 8K opened)
[OK] Open file limit used: 24% (249/1K)
[OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (1M immediate / 1M locks)

is there more options I should add in my.cnf ?

[mysqld]
skip-innodb
set-variable = max_connections=200
query_cache_type=1
query_cache_size=32M
query_cache_limit=1M
sort_buffer_size=2M
read_rnd_buffer_size=512K
tmp_table_size=32M
max_heap_table_size=32M
thread_cache_size=24
key_buffer_size=16M
table_cache=128
join_buffer_size=1M
log-slow-queries=/var/lib/mysql/slow.log

[GaryT]

I'm still having problem with Table cache hit rate

You can increase this to your own liking, Its always best to post the full mysqltuner output.

Use these settings.

[mysqld]
skip-innodb
set-variable = max_connections=200
query_cache_type=1
query_cache_size=32M
query_cache_limit=1M
sort_buffer_size=2M
read_rnd_buffer_size=512K
tmp_table_size=32M
max_heap_table_size=32M
thread_cache_size=24
key_buffer_size=16M
table_cache=256
join_buffer_size=1M
log-slow-queries=/var/lib/mysql/slow.log