The only other area I can think of would be Host Access Control if you don't have a firewall mechanism to automatically block your SSH connections. WHM > Host Access Control can allow and deny set IP addresses, but that's a long shot since it wouldn't have allowed your other IP unless it had been previously whitelisted.
I believe the best bet now is to contact your hosting provider to have them check into it to see if they can determine why you cannot connect to SSH.
Another idea just in case somehow it is the firewall, you can try to SSH in on the other system you have that does work, then try to check for your IP to see if it is listed in iptables:
Code:
/sbin/iptables -n -L | grep IP#
Please replace IP# with the IP number that isn't working to SSH to the machine.
If you have a provider that allows changing your main IP on your local system, you could simply try to get a new IP on that system if that might be faster than trying to troubleshoot what's going on. Oftentimes, you can force a new IP via your network settings. If you aren't certain how to get a new IP that way, your ISP should be able to help you in getting a new IP. I'm simply mentioning this as another viable possibility to get things going again for you.